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Taneytown History

The Taneytown Railroad disaster

David Buie

(6/2024) The railroad's arrival in Taneytown came later than expected, with operations starting in 1872 under the Frederick & Pennsylvania Railroad. This connection opened Taneytown to destinations like Littlestown, Hanover, and York and facilitated access to the Baltimore & Ohio Railroad through Frederick, linking it to Baltimore. The railroad played a significant role in boosting Taneytown's economy and urban development. It enabled farmers and merchants to transport livestock, crops, and goods efficiently to markets in all directions while ensuring prompt delivery of supplies to the town.


This view is from the south side of the wreck. Locomotives #43, #41, and #94, respectively.

However, alongside its benefits, the railroad also brought tragedies, such as the devastating incident on June 17, 1905, which claimed the lives of twenty-six railroad employees aboard the express train's baggage and smoking cars.

While the calamity unfolded beyond the borders of Taneytown, its repercussions scarred the town, as at least two of Taneytown's own were among the passengers and crew of the ill-fated train, highlighting the tragic proximity of loss.

Among them, John Crouse, a stalwart of 36 years, bore the weight of responsibility as the engineer of locomotive 41, a linchpin in the freight train's journey. His unwavering commitment and steadfast dedication to duty, even in the face of impending tragedy, speak volumes of his character and make his actions even more admirable.

Yet, amidst the wreckage and despair, a beacon of heroism emerged from the heart of Taneytown as Dr. Birne. Braving the flames and devastation, he gallantly fought to save lives, his brave deeds serving as a bulwark against the relentless tide of fate. In his selflessness, he epitomized the essence of heroism, his actions a testament to the undying spirit of humanity in the darkest of hours.

Their stories, woven into the fabric of this tragedy, poignantly remind us of the fragility of life and the boundless depths of courage. In their loss and heroism, we find a solemn tribute to the indomitable spirit of those who dare to defy the odds, inspiring us to strive for nobility in the face of adversity.

Known as a 'cornfield meet,' the collision occurred at a remote spot about seven miles east of Westminster, known as Ransom. This location was merely a brief siding featuring a water tank. The site remains deserted today, and diesel engines have made online water tanks obsolete.

Though photographic evidence sheds light on the events of that fateful day, the exact cause remains unclear, compounded by the demise of all parties responsible for operating the train. Without firsthand accounts, we must rely on newspaper reports and the Western Maryland Railroad's internal investigation to reconstruct the events leading to the tragedy.

Some details of the following reconstruction are speculative, drawn from these sources and established railroad protocols, to shed light on the events of that ominous day.

Typically, this stretch of railway accommodated at least nine passenger trains daily. However, the schedule was recently adjusted to include an additional westbound passenger train, the Blue Mountain Express. This train was particularly significant, as it catered to Baltimore residents seeking relief from the city's oppressive heat in the cool Blue Ridge hills. Its inclusion in the schedule was a testament to the growing popularity of Taneytown and the surrounding area as a summer retreat.

During the summer months, a Saturday morning Tourist Special, complete with a band entertaining passengers at each stop en route to Baltimore, added a festive touch to the journey. Despite the absence of musical accompaniment on the ill-fated trains, the memory of those onboard remains poignant.

Contrary to common belief, the conductor, not the engineer, controls train movements and decisions affecting passenger and freight services. Like a diligent chauffeur, the engineer takes pride in safely and punctually delivering passengers to their destinations.

As dusk approached, the station had three westbound passenger trains scheduled for departure. No.11, the Union Bridge Accommodation, and the recently added Blue Mountain Express had departed. Now, it was No.5's turn. It was scheduled to leave Hillen Station promptly at 5 p.m., stopping at Fulton Station to pick up additional passengers before heading westward.

Consisting of a mail car, baggage car, and three coaches, No.5 was pulled by #94, a sturdy 4-4-0 American-type locomotive under the command of experienced engineer George Covell, assisted by fireman John St. Leger. Covell, respected for his competence, commanded admiration among his colleagues.

In addition to the crew in the cab, the standard complement of personnel for a passenger train, including conductor George C. Buckingham, brakeman John Hovermill, baggageman Joseph Shock, expressman Frank Tierney, and postal clerk Clagett Miller, were onboard.

As No.5 waited to depart from Fulton Station, Covell, likely consulting his reliable railroad-style pocket watch, ensured all preparations were in order. He meticulously checked the locomotive, ensuring it was in perfect working condition. Punctuality was essential in a railroad man's life, with adherence to schedules paramount. The atmosphere was tense, with everyone on board aware of the importance of their roles in maintaining the train's schedule and safety.

Conductor Buckingham's call of "All Aboard" signaled the start of boarding amid the oppressive heat. Among the 80 passengers onboard were several from New Windsor, including Mrs. Anna Dielman, New Windsor druggist Edwin Kolb, and Dr. Birnie, whose presence would prove crucial in the aftermath of the collision.

Thirty-five railroad employees, known as 'Floaters,' returning home from track maintenance duties, occupied the baggage car and were segregated from paying passengers according to company policy.

At 5:15 p.m., as Covell received the signal to proceed, No.5 began its journey westward. Little did those onboard know that this routine voyage would soon be etched into the annals of history.

On that tragic Saturday, an additional eastbound freight was on the schedule, described as a coal train carrying primarily fat, as seen in photographs. To navigate steep grades train required two locomotives, both heavier Class НЗа 2-8-0 Consolidation types. Leading the double-headed freight was locomotive #41, manned by Crouse as an engineer and William McNamee as a fireman. Locomotive #43, operated by Lewis Rice and J.N. Ripple, followed behind.

While it's uncertain which locomotive they were on, it's likely #41. Two extra men were aboard: Conductor Vernon Derr and Substitute fireman Trainee Charles Knipple. The conductor in the caboose supervised the trainee from the cab that day.

Westbound passenger trains had priority on the single track. Since three westbound passenger trains, including the newly added Blue Mountain Express, were scheduled that afternoon, the eastbound freight crews waited at Tannery siding, now Gorsuch Road, 3 1/2 miles east of Westminster, to ensure unimpeded passage.

According to later reports, the freight train crews observed that the first two passenger trains passed by. Despite the absence of the third passenger train, No.5, they inexplicably left the siding and proceeded toward Baltimore, possibly mistaking the Blue Mountain Express for No.5. This moment of confusion and uncertainty, a crucial turning point in the narrative, highlights the unpredictability and intensity of the situation.

Survivor George Lynch recounted the events leading up to the accident, mentioning discussions about their schedule and observing passing trains while waiting at Gorsuch. Lynch emphasized their departure from the siding and subsequent confusion.

Lynch's account raises questions about his positioning during the incident and subsequent survival, especially his contradictory statements regarding his location on the train. Additionally, Lynch's version contrasts with official records and other survivors' testimonies.

The collision occurred near Ransom's siding, worsened by obstructed vision and a slight curve. Leger likely first spotted the oncoming extra, leading to a fatal collision between the two trains. Despite efforts to prevent disaster, the collision claimed many lives and caused extensive damage.

To the injured, while relief trains rushed to the scene, the aftermath witnessed a heartwarming outpouring of support from the community. Stories emerged of heroism and selflessness amidst the tragedy, fostering a sense of unity and shared humanity.

Reverend Wheeler of Trinity Evangelical Church conducted a service at Crouse's residence in Taneytown, whose family had transported his body there. A large gathering surrounded his burial in the cemetery, including many railroad colleagues paying their respects.

Read other history articles by David Buie

Read other articles on Taneytown history